It's unlikely Caitlyn Jenner will face prosecution for causing a car crash that killed a woman in Malibu on February 1.

Sources from the Los Angeles District Attorney's office told TMZ that although Jenner's actions caused the fatal car crash, they are considered negligent, not criminal.

There's still a chance that the L.A. D.A. herself, Jackie Lacey, will decide to prosecute Jenner for manslaughter anyway, but the site's sources say that's unlikely.

A single misdemeanor manslaughter charge could mean a yearlong jail sentence.

Last month, a Sheriff Department's report showed that Jenner's actions "put into motion" the chain of events that led to the death of Kim Howe. Jenner's vehicle pushed Howe's into oncoming traffic and then it hit another vehicle holding five people. Jenner was actually driving below the speed limit, but at an unsafe speed for the road conditions that day, the report determined.

Jenner has argued that her speed was not illegal and expressed concern over prisons and how they treat transgender people when she appeared on "Today" recently.

Even if Jenner doesn't get prosecuted for manslaughter, it's still possible that the victims of the crash or their estate could sue her for in civil court for millions of dollars.

A spokesperson for the L.A. D.A.'s office told Business Insider in an emailed statement, "We have no comment on the TMZ posting. No decision has been made."

SEE ALSO: Caitlyn Jenner thinks the controversial Halloween costume based on her Vanity Fair cover is 'great'

MORE: Caitlyn Jenner redesigned her Malibu home to reflect her personal style — here's a look inside

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NOW WATCH: Kanye West explains how marriage has helped him become a better man

On Tuesday evening a federal judge ruled that the one of the world’s most popular songs is free of copyright.

Since 1988, Warner/Chappell Music has held the copyright to the beloved song and reportedly collected $2 million per year in royalties. It's been charging for every use, whether it's in a movie or TV show or a musician singing it to an audience member.

But all of that is about to change.

According to court documents obtained by Entertainment Weekly, US District Judge George H. King ruled Tuesday that “because Summy Co. never acquired the rights to the Happy Birthday lyrics, [Warner/Chappell], as Summy Co.’s purported successors-in-interest, do not own a valid copyright in the Happy Birthday lyrics.”

That means beginning immediately, any filmmaker who uses the “Happy Birthday” song in their work will not be charged for it. However, Warner/Chappell still holds the copyright for the piano arrangement of the song (so leave the piano player at home when you film it).

“Victory is sweet,” lead plaintiff Jennifer Nelson told Business Insider on Wednesday morning.

Nelson, who is making a documentary about the “Happy Birthday” song, filed a lawsuit in 2013 declaring the song is in the public domain after she was charged $1,500 for its use.

Since then three other plaintiffs joined her, including “Big Fan” director Robert D. Siegel and musician Rupa Marya, who was charged $450 when an audience sang her “Happy Birthday” at a gig and she added the spontaneous moment on her album.

Though the ruling by Judge King is a landmark decision, the fight is not over.

“Our first goal was to free the song for public domain,” said Nelson. “Our second goal is to get retroactive remuneration for anyone who paid for a license.”

According to lead lawyer for the plaintiffs, Mark Rifkin, a class-action lawsuit will be filed asking the court to order Warner/Chappell to pay back all the money they’ve collected.

This will raise two issues.

“One, does Warner/Chappell have to pay it back, and we think absolutely they have to pay back money that they collected under false pretenses,” Rifkin told Business Insider. “And number two, who do they have to pay back, and we’re going to ask the court to go back at least to 1988, when Warner/Chappell acquired the original publishing of the song.”

But don’t expect anyone to get paid anytime soon.

According to entertainment lawyer Michael C. Donaldson, who focuses on fair use, figuring out how much Warner/Chappell is ordered to pay will take some time.

“The court will automatically include filmmakers in the lawsuit back three years before the filing of the lawsuit,” Donaldson explained to Business Insider. “Of course, the attorneys for the plaintiffs will try to extend that further back. The court will have to decide the issue of the cut-off date. The hiccup could come with the various appeal possibilities. It seems likely that there will be an appeal [by Warner/Chappell], which would delay the process for years.”

Business Insider reached out to Warner/Chappell for comment for this story, but did not receive a reply.

Nelson is currently negotiating a distribution deal for her documentary, tentatively titled “Happy Birthday Movie,” that she hopes will be out the end of this year or early next year.

SEE ALSO: Here's why they don't sing the "Happy Birthday" song in movies and TV shows

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NOW WATCH: The truth about 'the most interesting man in the world'

Every year, Italian tire company Pirelli releases a limited edition calendar featuring artful nudes (and a few scantily clad bikini and lingerie shots) of the world's most beautiful women.

But Pirelli's 2016 calendar girls are like none before. 

While past editions have included supermodels and actresses (think: Gisele Bündchen and Jennifer Lopez) at the peak of their fame, behind-the-scenes images from the shoot for the upcoming calendar show a cast of accomplished, strong women from a range of fields — and they all appear to be clothed.

"This calendar is so completely different. It is a departure," says Annie Leibovitz, the iconic photographer who shot the calendar. "I thought that the women should look strong but natural and I decided to keep it a very simple exercise of shooting in the studio."

Keep scrolling for a first look at some of the women of the 2016 Pirelli calendar. The full calendar will be unveiled on November 30 in London. 

Kathleen Kennedy is the venerable Hollywood producer and Lucasfilm co-chair who is leading the "Star Wars" film franchise into the future.

Ava DuVernay is the Golden Globe-winning director of "Selma." She created the African American Film Festival Releasing Movement collective and has helped shepherd numerous projects for and by people of color.

Artist Yoko Ono is the widow of Beatle John Lennon. This fall, she's expected to create the world's largest human peace sign in Central Park to commemorate what would have been her late husband's 75th birthday.

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No matter how you slice it, Donald Trump is still a big draw. The Republican presidential candidate's appearance on Stephen Colbert's "Late Show" boosted its ratings.

"Late Show" with Trump was watched by 4.6 million viewers and earned a 1.2 rating with its target demographic, adults between the ages of 25 and 54.

According to very early numbers in the 56 metered markets, "Late Show" averaged a 3.7 rating/10 share. That's its highest rating since its Sept. 8 premiere earned a 4.9/18. It also represents a 61% increase over last Tuesday's episode and a 42% lift versus David Letterman's show on the same date last year.

It also topped the other late-night hosts, pushing Jimmy Fallon's "Tonight Show" to the No. 2 slot with a 2.8/7 rating. In third place, Jimmy Kimmel's "Live" earned a 2.1/6.

Final numbers will be released later on Wednesday.

Colbert wasn't the first late night show Trump appeared at during his presidential run. That honor went to Fallon on Sept. 11. Watched by about 4.5 million viewers, Fallon beat Colbert by 28% in total viewers that evening.

SEE ALSO: Stephen Colbert's 'Late Show' premiere got huge ratings

SEE ALSO: Here's how Stephen Colbert kicked off his era of 'The Late Show'

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NOW WATCH: Science explains why we're obsessed with zombies and shows like 'Fear the Walking Dead'

It was a tough year for Rovio, the gaming company known for creating the smash-hit Angry Birds (and not much else). 

The Finnish company cut nearly 300 jobs in August and reported that its operating profit fell 73% last year because of a drop off in its licensing business, which includes Angry Birds-themed toys and apparel.

Basically, if the Angry Birds brand isn't doing well, Rovio isn't doing well. 

But that brand might be about to get another big boost, thanks to a new Angry Birds movie, set to hit theaters in May 2016. The trailer, which boasts a star-studded cast including Jason Sudeikis, Maya Rudolph, Bill Hader, Peter Dinklage, and Danny McBride, just came out today.  

Finally, we will apparently learn what made the birds so angry in the first place. 

Check it out:

SEE ALSO: For one day only, Amazon is knocking down Prime's price by $32

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NOW WATCH: APPLE BREACH: Apps infected with malicious code found in the App Store

Real-estate tycoon Donald Trump announced Wednesday that he will no longer do interviews on Fox News shows because the network has been treating him "unfairly."

The Republican presidential front-runner tweeted: ".@FoxNews has been treating me very unfairly & I have therefore decided that I won't be doing any more Fox shows for the foreseeable future."

It wasn't immediately clear what caused Trump to announce the boycott, but he has repeatedly feuded with the network in recently.

On Monday night and Tuesday morning, Trump released a lengthy tweetstorm attacking Fox hosts Bill O'Reilly and Megyn Kelly, as well as the "Trump haters" they have on their shows.

He called Kelly "the worst" and labeled her show "terrible." He said O'Reilly "was very negative to me in refusing to post the great polls that came out today including NBC."

He also said he had a hard time watching Fox News, while retweeting multiple supporters trashing Fox and calling for a boycott of the network because of its supposed bias against him.

Trump wasn't finished. On Tuesday evening, he continued berating Kelly, calling her a "lightweight" and "highly overrated." He also said her show was better when she was on vacation.

Reached for a response, a Fox News representative said Trump announced the boycott after the network canceled his upcoming appearance on "The O'Reilly Factor":

At 11:45am today, we canceled Donald Trump's scheduled appearance on "The O’Reilly Factor" on Thursday, which resulted in Mr. Trump's subsequent tweet about his "boycott" of FOX News. The press predictably jumped to cover his tweet, creating yet another distraction from any real issues that Mr. Trump might be questioned about. When coverage doesn't go his way, he engages in personal attacks on our anchors and hosts, which has grown stale and tiresome. He doesn't seem to grasp that candidates telling journalists what to ask is not how the media works in this country.

Other Trump targets have also publicly disagreed with him about the nature of their breakups in the past.

He claimed he fired his veteran consultant Roger Stone, for example, who insists he actually quit partially because of Trump's feuds with media personalities. And Trump, the former host of "The Apprentice," frequently insists he was the one who dumped NBC — and not the other way around — amid backlash over his heated rhetoric on illegal immigration.

The Trump campaign subsequently released its own statement in response to Fox:

Mr. Trump stands by his statement made earlier today. As a candidate for President of the United States and the definitive front runner in every poll, both nationally and state wide, including the just released poll in the state of Florida, Mr. Trump expects to be treated fairly. All you have to do is look at the tremendous ratings last night from the Late Show with Stephen Colbert, where Mr. Trump was the guest, or the ratings from both debates, to fully understand the facts.

Regardless, the Trump-Fox spat has taken many twists and turns. The latest salvo from Trump follows not one but two apparent cease-fires struck between the two sides last month.

The first truce was publicly brokered after Trump raged against Kelly for asking him questions he thought were unfair while she moderated the first official Republican primary debate. The fight culminated in a comment about Kelly that many interpreted as a crude reference to menstruation.

Trump insisted that he would never say such a thing.

That détente ended after Trump again went after Kelly a couple of weeks later. Trump released a flood of tweets that, among other things, promoted a supporter who called Kelly a "bimbo" and declared that her show was far better when she was on vacation.

Numerous Fox hosts and personalities then fired back at Trump, and some saw the pushback as a sign they were getting a thumbs-up from the network to do so.

But the real-estate developer eventually returned to doing regular Fox News interviews again in September, including Monday on "Fox & Friends" and "On the Record" with Greta Van Susteren.

For his part, O'Reilly dismissed Trump's attacks Tuesday morning on the "Today" show.

"I've known Trump a long time. He wants people to like him. When people criticize him, he takes it personally," O'Reilly said. "I just think this is just an extension of his reality show, 'The Apprentice.' This is just theater right now. He gets a lot of attention from the theater."

SEE ALSO: Donald Trump explodes on Twitter after another alleged Fox News snub

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NOW WATCH: Donald Trump’s net worth — according to someone who isn’t Donald Trump

Forget Floyd Mayweather, a possible new male contender for UFC champ/actress Ronda Rousey has arisen.

In an interview on the Proving Ground podcast, former UFC fighter Tank Abbott had some choice words for Rousey.

"She's a girl," Abbott, 50, said. "It's all about this emotional stuff."

The 250-pound Abbott, who was 8-10 during his UFC career, made it clear that he thought Rousey didn't stand a chance against him or any man in a fight. Abbott also said he wouldn't even have to prepare to take her on.

"I don't care — I will fight any woman on this Earth for free," he said. "I will. She will have to make me a sandwich — that's what I get for winning."

Abbott didn't stop there, however, adding that he would give $100,000 to any woman who beat him in the octagon.

As if those comments weren't antagonistic enough, he felt the need to further make himself clear: "You can't be, like, a tranny," Abbott added. "You gotta be a female. Born a female."

Rousey has said multiple times in the past that she would never fight a man because of domestic-violence implications, so don't expect this to happen, but if anything could stoke the fire under Rousey, this is it.

Join the conversation about this story »

NOW WATCH: 5 of the richest countries on Earth are in the Middle East, and they won't take any refugees from their war-torn neighbors

I had the chance to try two missions from the single-player campaign from the forthcoming "Halo 5: Guardians" for the Xbox One at a Microsoft press event last week.

The good news is that "Halo 5" is a total blast, and shakes up the fourteen-year-old Halo formula with a bunch of sweet new additions that really mix up the game's rhythm without ruining the grenade-throwing, skull-bashing fun of the original games. 

The bad news is that a lot of people aren't going to experience "Halo 5" to its fullest, given that developer 343 Industries threw local cooperative multiplayer — one of the Halo franchise's best features — under the bus. 

Still, if the rest of the game is as fun as the brief demo I tried, Microsoft has a much-needed hit on its hands for the Xbox One game console, which has been lagging in sales behind Sony's PlayStation 4, when "Halo 5: Guardians" launches on October 27th, 2015.

The way you move

In "Halo 5," there are two interwoven, interstellar storylines: First, long-time series protagonist Master Chief leads a fireteam of supersoldier Spartans on a secret mission, against his orders. In the Master Chief mission I played, his Firetime Blue had to clear an embattled space station of its Covenant invaders. Things go explosively wrong, of course.

Second, new Halo protagonist Spartan Locke leads his own Fireteam Osiris on his own mission to bring the rogue Master Chief back in and take him to account. This mission saw my team cross an alien landscape on foot and via some of "Halo 5"'s sweet new flying vehicles, attacking a huge mechanical walker and fighting teleporting enemies.

Both Master Chief and Spartan Locke get a whole new set of abilities that makes the whole game a lot more kinetic. Now, you can use a thruster pack to get a quick, short boost in any direction. So if you see, say, a rocket coming towards you, a timely thruster boost can get you out of the way and back into action. 

The thruster packs tie neatly into another new game mechanic. "Halo 5" introduces "Smart Sights," which basically means looking down the barrel of your gun to aim, just like Call of Duty, only with a sci-fi flair.

If you use Smart Sights to aim while in the air, your thruster pack will kick in and you'll get a brief moment of hangtime that can make all the difference when you're going for an acrobatic headshot. 

Plus, you can now (finally) sprint forever, which also gives you a neat new shoulder charge ability that lets you bump through shields and past enemies, Madden-style.

That level of athleticism makes its way to the rest of the game, too. Master Chief and company can finally climb up short walls and obstacles, meaning that a pile of boxes is no longer the show-stopper it once was to these supersoldiers.

And once you've climbed up above, a new "Spartan Slam" ability lets you bring the hurt from up high to down low. Welcome to the slam jam. 

Team leader

But the biggest change is probably in the form of how you work with others. In the previous "Halo" games, Master Chief worked largely alone, save for some nameless, faceless grunts. Now, both Master Chief and Spartan Locke are in command of three other soldiers, all with names and back stories, who follow your every order.

So when you're fighting old enemies like the alien Covenant or new ones like the Forerunners, you can order the squad to attack certain enemies or fall back. And if you fall in battle, one of your squad can revive you, assuming they get there fast enough. A developer from 343 Industries told me that the idea is that your squad is your best new weapon.

"Halo 5" brings back a multiplayer cooperative mode, which has been a series staple since the first title in 2001.

But before, where the second player is usually dropped into a role as a generic, second version of Master Chief, your fellow players will inhabit the role of your squad, letting them play a bigger part. Obviously, if you don't have any friends to play with, the computer will take them over for you.

Not playing well with others

But the real issue here is that "Halo 5" drops the ability for multiple people to play cooperatively on the same console. I have many fond memories of playing the Halo series with friends (and, occasionally, family). And I'm usually way more into playing through the main story than I am playing online. 

And so, given that "Halo 5"'s story has such a big and fun focus on working with a team, it's a real bummer that it removes the ability to actually take advantage of what they built with people in the same room as I am. 

Ultimately, that may matter less to you than it does to me. And regardless, it's still an absolute blast. 

SEE ALSO: I’m a hardcore gamer who knows nothing about football — here’s what I thought playing Madden the first time

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NOW WATCH: We just got our best look yet at what it’s like to play the new Halo game

Today, the Facebook News Feed on the web and Android is getting support for 360-degree videos, essentially giving you virtual worlds to explore. Apple's iOS will get the feature later.

Basically, they work like normal videos, but you can click and drag to look all around while it plays. It's just one step closer to the virtual reality future that Facebook is pushing for with its Oculus VR business. 

To demonstrate, Facebook signed on partners like Discovery, LeBron James, and GoPro to show off how 360-degree videos can put you in the action. 

But for my money, the coolest demo comes from "Star Wars," which lets you take a virtual tour of the new planet Jakku from "The Force Awakens" — crashed Imperial Star Destroyers and all.

You'll need to be using Google's Chrome web browser to experience it, as Safari isn't supported at the moment.

Take a look:

It's not hard to imagine that eventually, these 360-degree videos will be viewable from Facebook's long-in-the-works Oculus Rift virtual reality headset. 

Facebook, Sony, HTC, and others are betting big that virtual reality is the next major way we'll all communicate with each other online. This is our first glimpse at what that might actually look like in real life. 

SEE ALSO: Google has hired a bunch of engineers from Amazon's Lab126 for a new wearable tech initiative called 'Project Aura'

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NOW WATCH: Inside The Void: An exclusive look at the future of virtual reality

It seems like people just aren't watching TV anymore.

A report from Ad Age on Wednesday paints a bleak picture of Tuesday's overnight TV ratings, which come during one of the industry's most important weeks of the year as new shows are rolled out on the major networks.

Ad Age, citing figures from Nielsen, reported that every returning drama that aired Tuesday night saw viewers decline by double digits while debuts were a "mixed bag."

But aside from the performance of individual shows, the number of people using TV in the coveted 18-to-49 demographic was down 8% against the same time last year, and for the first two nights this week usage is off 10%.

Ad Age also noted that among millennial consumers (18-to-24-year-olds), viewing is down 20% against last year, with 24% fewer men in this age group watching TV. The number of 18-to-34-year-old men watching TV is down 18% compared to the same period last year.

Over the summer, there was a broad concern regarding cable companies and a loss of subscribers to services like Netflix and Hulu.

And a report from Wall Street analysts over the summer said TV networks were stuffing their airwaves with commercials in an attempt to prop up revenue. That report said ratings were down 9% over the prior year through July with ad loads correspondingly increasing by 10%.

In August, we highlighted this chart from analysts at Pacific Crest that showed the declined in cable subscribers, and the disappointing ratings from this week confirm that interest in TV is not what it used to be:

Chart via Carl Quintanilla.

SEE ALSO: This is the scariest chart in the history of cable TV

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NOW WATCH: This intense first trailer for Netflix's 'Narcos' brings Pablo Escobar to life

For most tech startups, the goal is "disruption" — a radical (and profitable) change to an existing market. Think about how Uber impacted the taxi industry, just for starters. 

But that same disruption can leave a lot of people behind: For example, Uber is expected to open a massive office in downtown Oakland, which will bring a lot of change, much of it unwelcome, to a historic community that's been so far largely resistant to the advances of the tech industry. 

This kind of change falls right into the wheelhouse of British author Warren Ellis, best known for the New York Times-bestselling supernatural murder mystery "Gun Machine," whose work has long dealt with issues of how technology impacts the urban landscape.

In his latest work, the excellent Amazon Kindle short story "Elektrograd: Rusted Blood," Ellis tackles the matter head-on. The titular city of Elektrograd was supposed to be a living experiment in building the future, until the shininess wore off and the world moved on — leaving the people behind to largely solve their own problems.

"How are we supposed to live in the future when the future just abandons us to the night?" Ellis writes in "Elektrograd."

As a resident of San Francisco, in the age of rapid disruption and non-stop bubble talk, I decided to reach out to Ellis to see if he thought Elektrograd was a sign of things to come. 

"[I'd] feel more comfortable if I could shake the thought that there are people out there who think 'Mad Max: Fury Road' is a business-plan slideshow," Ellis says.

Ultimately, he says that he thinks that most tech companies won't actually effect any kind of long-term change, "because [they're] ill-considered, useless, or a parasite existing atop another service."

He also thinks Silicon Valley is building a reputation as a place where startups do things just because they can, in ruthless attempts to grab power and resources while they try to remake the world in their own image.

"'Move fast and break things' is a great logline, but, I suspect, a fairly s***ty way of acting in and on the world," Ellis says, referring to Facebook's famous former mantra. 

Moreover, he says that there'll always be a place for knowledgeable, skilled ground-level workers: An Uber driver with a GPS can't match a London cabbie, armed as they are with "The Knowledge," the legendary livery exam that every driver has had to pass since 1865, Ellis says. 

But the rapid change in the tech scene is still going to leave a lot of people behind.

"In our workaround society, 'works well enough' counts as victory condition.  Disrupting things that communities at scale rely on to live, just to see what happens, is the sort of childlike destructiveness that people across the world now think of when they're pointed towards the [San Francisco] Bay Area," Ellis says. 

SEE ALSO: Startup sues former employees who launched similar company; CEO warns, 'If we're wrong, we'll win'

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NOW WATCH: Here's what 'Mad Max: Fury Road' would look like if it was released in the 80's

It’s time to take a look at how digital innovation is transforming what we do and how we do it.

Mobile is overtaking desktop, social is beating search, on-demand is undercutting T.V., messaging apps are challenging email, and things around us are becoming connected. These shifts in trends can rattle how we operate. Don’t let digital innovation be a threat, make it your opportunity. Find out what’s on the horizon for media, tech and finance and what you can do to plan for 2016 and beyond.

Want to know where experts see industry giants— Apple, Google, and Facebook— going in 2016?  Join us at IGNITION on December 8-9 at the Time Warner Center in New York City, to get the insight.

The program covers digital innovation through interviews, demos, panels and conversations with industry leaders. Here’s what we have in store so far:

IGNITION sold out in 2014, so don’t wait to reserve your seat!

SEE ALSO: The biggest names in digital will be at IGNITION 2015 — check out the lineup

AND: Blue Apron cofounder Matt Salzberg to speak at IGNITION 2015

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We just got a bit more reason to believe that more "Curb Your Enthusiasm" is coming our way sooner than later.

This time, it comes via a tweet from Chris Law, a producer and radio show host:

Jeff Schaffer is a writer and producer who has worked with David on "Seinfeld" and later "Curb Your Enthusiasm." He also created FX series, "The League." So, it's a great sign to see the men discussing the return of "Curb."

Furthermore, it seems that David has his eyes on "an additional season" and  a "movie."

This isn't the first positive sign that the show would be back. In August, HBO's programming president, Michael Lombardo, told reporters at the Television Critics Association that he had also recently spoken with David about "Curb" at the Broadway show, "Fish in the Dark."

"[He told me,] 'Do you know what this is? This is the next season notebook'," Lombardo said the comedian then waved a notebook at him.

As far as timing, no one is quite sure when it willl return. 

"I don't think it's out of his system," Lombardo added. "When he has something to say, he will come back.

"I certainly see this as a continuing dialogue with him - a long one, but a continuing one."

"Curb Your Enthusiasm" aired for 8 seasons from 1999 to 2011.

SEE ALSO: This guy has the best, or worst, job in show business — he has to be Larry David

MORE: Here's The REAL Reason Larry David Will Never Do A Final Season Of Curb Your Enthusiasm

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NOW WATCH: Here's What The 'Seinfeld' Diner Is Like In Real Life

Spoiler alert if you haven't read "The Martian."

As Elton John once said, it's lonely out in space.

And it's even lonelier being stranded on a planet millions of miles from Earth, without communication, adequate food, or much hope of getting back home. That's the grim prospect Matt Damon's character faces in "The Martian," the upcoming film based on the novel by Andy Weir.

Damon plays NASA astronaut Mark Watney, a botanist on a fictional mission to Mars. Watney gets stranded on the Red Planet when a massive dust storm gravely injures him and forces his crewmates to escape, leaving him for dead. But Watney survives, and faces the daunting task of figuring out how to stay alive on an alien wasteland until he can be rescued.

Watney's technical prowess enables him to tackle the practical problems of getting enough water, oxygen, and food.

But perhaps the greatest hurdle he faces is psychological.

We talked to a NASA psychologist to find out if someone stranded on Mars could really make it without losing his or her mind.

"People have been able to keep it together mentally before" under extreme circumstances, such as being prisoners of war, Al Holland, a senior operational psychologist at NASA, told Business Insider. "We know that humans can be very resilient. One thing humans do very well is adapt."

One thing that's important for staying sane on journeys to space is real-time communication, which helps astronauts feel connected to friends and family. Thankfully for most of today's astronauts — including NASA astronaut Scott Kelly, who's spending a year on the International Space Station — communication is delayed by only a fraction of a second.

But on Mars, there would be a lag of about 20 minutes each way, which means a single exchange would take 40 minutes. In "The Martian," Watney faces the added difficulty of having to communicate with NASA using the camera on an old rover, which NASA can only use by pointing at letters and spelling out words. Talk about frustrating.

In the movie and book, Watney copes with the prospect of almost certain death using humor. At one point in the film when he's figuring out how he's going to survive, he says, "I'm gonna have to science the shit out of this."

A sense of humor is a huge asset for anyone, particularly for an astronaut, because it allows him or her to remain positive. Studies have shown that people use humor to cope with everything from losing their vision to having cancer.

Holland says it's also completely healthy for someone who is completely isolated to start having relationships with inanimate objects (think Wilson the volleyball in the film "Castaway"). As for Watney, he develops a kind of relationship with the camera he uses to log his captivity on Mars.

Keeping focused on actively doing things is also important for avoiding depression like the kind that Mark Watney might have experienced (psychologists call this behavioral activation). For example, people who are kept in solitary confinement will do things like construct a house in their mind, brick by brick, Holland says. In Watney's case, he throws himself into solving each problem that presents itself on Mars, MacGuiver-style.

But when it comes to training astronauts in the real world, NASA prepares them to work in teams, not on their own. "It would be a very rare situation to have somebody left by themselves," says Holland, but "we also plan for the worst-case scenarios."

Although NASA trains its astronauts to deal with solitude, American astronauts still felt isolated when they flew to the Russian space station Mir in the 1990s, according to Holland. The predominant language was Russian, and communication with family on Earth wasn't reliable.

Astronauts have different strategies for keeping busy in space. Some read, some make things, and others focus more on their work. But astronauts going to Mars will likely have to be even more independent, more focused, and more resilient than those of today are.

The Martian premiers on Oct. 2.

SEE ALSO: Here's how the first humans will live on Mars — and why traveling the 140 million miles to get there will be the easy part

CHECK OUT: Stunning images reveal SpaceX's revolutionary approach to landing on Mars

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NOW WATCH: Matt Damon is left to die on Mars in first trailer for ‘The Martian’

Netflix is on a mission to bring down the "pilot" system of television, in which a TV show lives or dies on the success of its first episode.

And now Netflix has some hard data to back up its position. Netflix has done some analysis on which episode of a TV series actually gets us hooked, and it varies series by series, according to The Verge. The data point Netflix focused on was the one special episode after which 70% of people kept watching until the end of the season — in other words, the episode that got them addicted to the show.

Some shows took longer to grab viewers, like "How I Met Your Mother," whose pivotal episode was number 8 ("The Duel"). Others bewitched the audience from the start: "Sons of Anarchy" and "Breaking Bad" both took just until episode 2.

Below you'll find 25 of the most popular Netflix shows — in alphabetical order — along with their respective "turning point" episode and accompanying Netflix description of the episode.

Arrow: Episode 8

Vendetta:

Oliver trains Helena to be his ally. Later, her pursuit of vengeance leads Helena to kill the leader of the triad.

Bates Motel: Episode 2

Nice Town You Picked, Norma...:

Dylan wastes no time causing trouble at home. Meanwhile, the Bates family is inexorably drawn into the dark underbelly of White Pin Bay.

Better Call Saul: Episode 4

Hero (from IMDB, not available to stream on Netflix):

Jimmy makes a bold move against Hamlin in an effort to attract potential clients.

NOW WATCH: Animated map reveals the 550,000 miles of cable hidden under the ocean that power the internet

There's a lot of bad blood between Taylor Swift and Spotify.

Swift argued that Spotify's "freemium" model, where users can listen to music for free but pay for upgrades like ad-free listening, devalued music and didn't work for her.

However, Spotify investor and music manager to Meghan Trainor, Troy Carter, said that her argument against the company is flawed.

"I think Taylor is brilliant, but it's sort of a flawed argument because the alternative is piracy," Carter said on-stage at TechCrunch Disrupt. "People already have a free option by going on YouTube and listening to the music on YouTube."

Many people have found other ways to listen to Swift's music, and the fact that Spotify does have a "freemium" set up doesn't mean Swift isn't paid in the end.

Spotify pays 70% of its revenue to labels, and Carter says the problem is getting the money into the hands of the artists, and the pennies per play that the artists make now is because of those label agreements. That amount will only grow larger, though, as the service becomes more popular.

"I do think we have to be patient and move as many people to streaming as possible," Carter said. "Right now we're talking about 50 million users on the streaming service but when we have 500 million to a billion users, then the unit economics start to add up at that point."

Spotify and other music listening services aren't even the largest slice of Swift's income, according to a Buzzfeed article. As Carter points out, artists being paid little from the labels is an industry standard — not a result of Spotify's business model.

"We’ve always gotten screwed from record royalties anyways. The live business and the merchandise business has always been the bigger piece of the pie," Carter said.

SEE ALSO: Lady Gaga's former manager and Uber investor Troy Carter hand picks the next 6 hot startups

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NOW WATCH: Taylor Swift’s 1989 merch may cause some controversy in China

We spent the day with actor Jonathan Goldsmith, who became a pop culture icon through his role as "The Most Interesting Man in the World" for Dos Equis. Goldsmith invited us to his country home in Vermont to reveal how he got the role and talk about his long career as a journeyman actor in Hollywood. 

After the interview, Goldsmith gave us a tour of his beautiful, rustic property. This is when we really got to see the real man behind the "Most Interesting Man in the World."

Produced by Graham Flanagan. Additional camera by Justin Gmoser.

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Real-estate magnate Donald Trump fired off multiple furious tweets Wednesday night after a crude remark was used against him on Fox News.

Rich Lowry, the editor of the conservative magazine National Review, said the Republican presidential front-runner was attacking rival Carly Fiorina because she emasculated him at last week's presidential debate.

"Part of what's going on here is that last debate. Let's be honest: Carly cut his balls off with the precision of a surgeon, and he knows it," Lowry said during a Fox News interview, according to video posted by Mediaite.

Host Megyn Kelly was shocked.

"What did you just say?!" Kelly said. "You can't say that."

But Trump, who has fiercely feuded with both Fox News and Kelly, wasn't satisfied with her admonishment.

He trashed Lowry on Twitter as "incompetent" and "clueless," demanded an apology, and suggested that the Federal Communications Commission should fine Lowry as a result.

Trump's tweets:

During a Thursday interview on CNN, Trump offered still more criticism. He said Lowry "used words that were so unbelievable," "made a total fool of himself," and had a "nervous breakdown on television."

But Lowry refused to back down.

In a series of his own Wednesday night tweets, he continued to taunt Trump. He noted that Trump frequently bragged about not being politically correct and that the businessman used a "boorish insult" against Fiorina, the former Hewlett-Packard CEO who confronted him at last week's CNN debate for mocking her face.

Lowry's response:

It also doesn't seem likely that the FCC will fine Lowry. CNN's Brian Stelter reported that the commission "occasionally fines broadcast networks for indecency but has no power to sanction cable channels like Fox News."

The tiff is only the latest salvo in what has become an all-out war between Trump and Fox, in which two apparent cease-fires were reached in August.

Earlier Wednesday, Trump announced he would no longer appear on the network because it had been so unfair to him, singling out Kelly in particular. A Fox representative responded by saying that when "coverage doesn't go his way, he engages in personal attacks on our anchors and hosts, which has grown stale and tiresome."

SEE ALSO: TRUMP: I'm boycotting Fox News

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NOW WATCH: Here’s why 'Shark Tank' star Robert Herjavec thinks Donald Trump is wrong on immigration

Hundreds of entrepreneurs have pitched their companies on "Shark Tank" since the show debuted in 2009, but some of the most memorable pitches are the worst ones.

They stand out for different reasons. In some, the products are totally infeasible. In others, the entrepreneurs are completely unprepared or so arrogant they don't have a grip on reality.

In anticipation of the seventh season premiere on Sept. 25, we've gathered the Sharks' least favorite presentations as well as our own picks for the worst pitches in the show's history.

SEE ALSO: The 18 best 'Shark Tank' pitches of all time

Vestpakz, Season 6

When Arthur Grayer and Michael Wooley walked into the Tank seeking $50,000 for 10% of their children's backpack alternative company Vestpakz, the only thing going for them was a couple of cute little kids modeling the product. Wooley's daughter invented the product when she was 12, and he made a licensing deal with Grayer in 2013, landing the product in 75 Walmart stores.

The annual sales of $10,000 were anemic, especially with the context of being in Walmart, but the Sharks were intrigued by the story of Wooley's daughter, who won an entrepreneurship competition and even made it onto Oprah Winfrey's talk show.

The catch: All that happened in 2003, and Wooley's daughter was now 27. The investors exploded in laughter at the revelation. The guys didn't get a deal.

BedRyder, Season 6

BedRyder chief marketer George Conway asked the Sharks for $200,000 in exchange for 15% equity in his company, which makes safety seats for the backs of pickup trucks. To Conway's credit, he's a great salesman and he was animated and fun as he demonstrated the product on a pickup. But his answers to the investors' most important questions left them shaking their heads.

For example, when Lori Greiner asked him if it had undergone crash testing, Conway replied, "Honestly, yes! I have done my own. By accident." The Sharks liked Conway as a person, but the myriad of things that could go wrong with the deal cause them all to back out. "When you leave the Tank, I want you to take that truck and drive it off a cliff," Kevin O'Leary told him.

Tycoon Real Estate, Season 6

Unfortunately for Tycoon Real Estate founder and CEO Aaron McDaniel, the Sharks not only hated the product idea but some of them hated the entrepreneur behind it. McDaniel pitched his real estate crowdfunding service as a way for average people to invest in real estate. He failed to convince the Sharks that it was a safe model and that he was someone to be trusted with money.

Mark Cuban yelled that the idea was "scammy," Barbara Corcoran thought it was "spooky," and O'Leary — who was actually interested in making a deal — asked McDaniel if he had a criminal record. In the same way "Shark Tank" can make a company, it can break one, too. 

NOW WATCH: Turns out 'Shark Tank' investor Robert Herjavec doesn't value advice at all

Last month Jennifer Aniston and Justin Theroux got married at a super secret ceremony, but could they follow it up with a discreet honeymoon free of paparazzi?

It turns out, yes. 

The couple brought along their closest friends like Chelsea Handler, Jason Bateman, and Courteney Cox and went to the lush Four Seasons in Bora Bora.

Just look at these ridiculous pictures from the resort's Instagram account:

In a recent interview with Extra for the new season of his show "The Leftovers," Theroux, explained why he and Aniston decided on inviting friends on their honeymoon.

"We had thought about it; we could just do a normal honeymoon, or we could go with some friends, keep the party going, relax, and have fun," Theroux said. "It was really special, it was really beautiful."  

But beauty comes with a price.

If you're planning on partying like Justin and Jen, just know staying at the Four Seasons in Bora Bora will run you between $5,000 and $12,500 per night. 

SEE ALSO: Howard Stern gave a great speech at Jennifer Aniston and Justin Theroux's wedding

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